L’Oreal Case Study

1) Using the full spectrum of segmentation variables, describe how L’Oreal has segmented the Indian market From our understanding, L’Oreal made a statement for market â€Å"We don’t do poor products for poor people,†. L’Oreal reduce their price for hair dye, which is $2. 70, and small shampoo packets below $1 in order to compete with local brands. So, L’Oreal had change their segmentation from upper class intourban middle-class. Previous reputation, L’Oreal had losses over 13 years in Indian market.L’Oreal determine that 60 million people who earn $270 per month. Therefore, L’Oreal have to reach this niche market in order to gain back sales. 2) What segment(s) is (are) L’Oreal now targeting? How is L’Oreal now positioning its products? How do these strategies differ from those employed by its competitors in India? L’Oreal targeting the niche market, which is urban middle-class. L’Oreal reduce t he price and offering the product that suitable to the urban middle-class market.L’Oreal advertise their hair care product, by using the billboard across India, where indian women tugging on her braid which is stretched across freeway overpasses and along length of the bus. It show the uniqueness of their products and creativity of advertising, in the same time meet the customer needs. 3) What role, if any, does social responsibility play in L’Oreal targeting strategy in India? L’Oreal consider to reduce their price of some product that suitable to their new target market.Plus, L’Oreal would like to offer their cosmetic product to their new target market in order to fulfill their needs and wants. 4) Do you think that L’Oreal will accomplish its goals in India? Why or why not? L’Oreal will able to accomplish their goal if they keep maintaining the price that suitable for urban middle-class income and also expand their target market to reach m ore segments in India market. 5) What segmentation, targeting and positioning recommendation would you make to L’Oreal for future marketing efforts in India?In order to survive, L’Oreal need to identify the differentiation of each segments, accessible of the segments to buy L’Oreal product, offer unique products, and durability of product due to changes in economic. L’Oreal need to build a product based on their target market, which need meet their needs and wants. L’Oreal also need to be more creative to promote their product that reach each segements. L’Oreal needs to build or expand their outlet to reach the target market. L’Oreal needs to understand the lifestyle each target market. L’Oreal Case Study 1) Using the full spectrum of segmentation variables, describe how L’Oreal has segmented the Indian market From our understanding, L’Oreal made a statement for market â€Å"We don’t do poor products for poor people,†. L’Oreal reduce their price for hair dye, which is $2. 70, and small shampoo packets below $1 in order to compete with local brands. So, L’Oreal had change their segmentation from upper class intourban middle-class. Previous reputation, L’Oreal had losses over 13 years in Indian market.L’Oreal determine that 60 million people who earn $270 per month. Therefore, L’Oreal have to reach this niche market in order to gain back sales. 2) What segment(s) is (are) L’Oreal now targeting? How is L’Oreal now positioning its products? How do these strategies differ from those employed by its competitors in India? L’Oreal targeting the niche market, which is urban middle-class. L’Oreal reduce t he price and offering the product that suitable to the urban middle-class market.L’Oreal advertise their hair care product, by using the billboard across India, where indian women tugging on her braid which is stretched across freeway overpasses and along length of the bus. It show the uniqueness of their products and creativity of advertising, in the same time meet the customer needs. 3) What role, if any, does social responsibility play in L’Oreal targeting strategy in India? L’Oreal consider to reduce their price of some product that suitable to their new target market.Plus, L’Oreal would like to offer their cosmetic product to their new target market in order to fulfill their needs and wants. 4) Do you think that L’Oreal will accomplish its goals in India? Why or why not? L’Oreal will able to accomplish their goal if they keep maintaining the price that suitable for urban middle-class income and also expand their target market to reach m ore segments in India market. 5) What segmentation, targeting and positioning recommendation would you make to L’Oreal for future marketing efforts in India?In order to survive, L’Oreal need to identify the differentiation of each segments, accessible of the segments to buy L’Oreal product, offer unique products, and durability of product due to changes in economic. L’Oreal need to build a product based on their target market, which need meet their needs and wants. L’Oreal also need to be more creative to promote their product that reach each segements. L’Oreal needs to build or expand their outlet to reach the target market. L’Oreal needs to understand the lifestyle each target market.

Mcdonald’s Business Ethics

McDonald’s Ethics Or Lack of Ethics Dymirra G. Ambeau Test Drive College McDonald’s was founded in San Bernardino, CA in the year 1940 by Richard and Maurice McDonald. The two brothers sold their fast food restaurant to a milk shake salesman named Ray Kroc in the year of 1961. Kroc believed in conformity, uniformity and the ethic of mass production. Following the ethic of mass production Kroc began to use frozen beef patties and genetically-modified potatoes to ensure uniform taste.McDonald’s also pays minimum wage to their workers, who essentially do assembly line, factory-type work. If you were to reclassify the work they do to factory work that would â€Å"add about 3. 5 million manufacturing jobs to the U. S. economy, at a time when such jobs are rapidly being exported overseas. From a statistical point of view, it would make the U. S. seem like an industrial powerhouse once again, instead of an ageing superpower threatened by low-cost competitors† (Sc hlosser, 2004).Despite the objections of McDonald's, the term â€Å"McJob† was added to Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary in 2003. The word â€Å"McJob† means a low-paying job that requires little skill and provides little opportunity for advancement. McDonald's is the world's largest distributor of toys, which it includes with kids meals which were introduced in June 1979. It has been alleged that the use of popular toys encourages children to eat more McDonald's food, thereby contributing to many children's health problems, including a rise in obesity.Many parents weren’t happy and said that giving toys with children's meals circumvents parental control and teaches children unhealthy eating habits. One mother sued McDonald’s and went on to say, â€Å"I object to the fact that McDonald's is getting into my kids' heads without my permission and actually changing what my kids want to eat†. McDonald’s now features fruits, salad, and heal thier drinks but continues to give out toys. This was not the first time McDonald’s has been sued. McDonald’s has been sued multiple times for health related issues.They have also been fined twice for breaking child labor laws. In 2001 the company was fined 12,400 British Pounds Sterling by British magistrates for illegally employing and over-working child labor in one of its London restaurants. This is thought to be one of the largest fines imposed on a company for breaking laws relating to child working conditions. In April 2007 in Perth, Western Australia, McDonald's pleaded guilty to five charges relating to the employment of children under the age of 15 in one of its outlets and was fined $8,000 AUD.Still, McDonald’s has a few good ethics. They own the Ronald McDonald House Charities, an organization that helps families with critically ill or injured children who must travel to fulfill their healthcare needs. They also host an annual event at McDonaldâ€⠄¢s called â€Å"McHappy Day† where a percentage of the day’s sales go to charities. McDonald’s also tries to help the environment by using biomass power plants to cut its waste and carbon footprint in half where biomass power plants are available.They’ve also reduced the amount of packing for their food by 46% since the year 1970. Overall, weight reductions in packaging and products, as well as the increased usage of bulk packaging ultimately decreased packaging by 24 million pounds annually. References http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Happy_Meal http://www. neumann. edu/academics/divisions/business/journal/review_08/gibison. pdf http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ray_Kroc#McDonald. 27s http://www. guardian. co. uk/business/2010/dec/19/mcdonalds-happy-meals-sued-california http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonald's#Criticism

An Empty Hook

As the years go by and new technologies come and go, the world seems to be moving at a constant frantic pace. In our modern, consumer driven society its sometimes hard to find the time to stop and appreciate what we have. The American working world is thriving and competitive, every obstacle we face consumes us, making it easy to get trapped in the seemingly non-stop race of life, forgetting what really matters. For our own sake, it is time to take a step back from our frantic life style and learn to appreciate the little things in life. Its a commonplace story to hear of the work alcoholic man or woman who worked and worked until they were old and rich, and then realized they had nothing in the end. If more people took the time to appreciate the little things, more often then not they’ll find life is a lot more rewarding. Of course that reward can comes in many different forms: Love†¦memories†¦fish. Fishing is a fine art. It takes the refining of cast off methods, and the honing of the proper technique to fully master the art of the reel in, not to forget lots of patience. Nothing is slower than waiting for that subtle tug at the end of your line. My dad taught me how to fish. My twin brother and I used to practice in the front yard with a rod and a weight in the place of a hook, fishing for twigs. Ive caught lots of things before, grass, rocks, other fishing rods, but never a fish. After spending some time with a fisherman you learn that they mean serious business and youre mad to think that theyd share tips or bait. Over the past summer, my dad and grandma and I went fishing together. We needed a break from the constant rhythm of our everyday life. I was having my usual luck, which is no luck at all, and my dad had already caught three fish, my grandma, one. Wed been fishing for hours and still no luck I was sun burnt and riddled with mosquito bites. Id cast off my line and reeled it in hundreds of times and my patience was wearing thin. My dad suddenly felt a jerk in his line, another fish. He was starting to reel it in when he called me over. He handed me the rod. I was excited and scared at the same time. After several c lose calls I finally managed to reel in the fish. My dad came over and untangled the hook from the fishs mouth. My grandma replied, thats true love, meaning my dad must really love me to have let me reel in his fish. Even though this took place in the span of a few minutes, now when I look back I can remember in great detail the feel of the fishs scales and the resistance as I pulled it in. I can recall these moments with more ease and meaning than what happened last week or who did what to who. With applications and auditions upon me I dont look back on my frantic, routine school days but moments like this that are singular and unique. Catching a fish may seem like a small thing but Ive often found that it is the little things in life that make hardship worth while and when you take the time life is given purpose, however whimsical a purpose that may be, but if I constantly cast off and reel in all Ill pull out is grass and an empty hook.

Renewable Energy VS Fossil Fuel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Renewable Energy VS Fossil Fuel - Research Paper Example There has also been question over the possibility of depletion of current fossil fuel reserves, fossil fuels are those that are not renewable, one they are exploited, they cannot be replenished. In this regard, there has been a concern to opt for other sources of energy that are renewable and can be used over and again without depletion. It is then construable that renewable sources of energy can provide a solution to the myriad of problems that comes with the fossil fuels and should be fast tracked to check on the challenges occasioned by overreliance on one source of fuels-fossil fuel The need to consider other sources of energy is even accentuated by the fact that fossil fuels that are not only non-renewable, they are also scarcely distributed and this brings more competition on the resource leading to the increase in the cost of using such sources of fuels. This move to opt for other sources of energy comes at a time when other countries fully depends on the production of the fos sil fuels to drive there economy. Notwithstanding, the move to consider alternative sources of fuel is aimed at easing the pressure that is mounted on the use of fossil fuel so that prices can be moderated while at the same time the environment is kept clean (Singh and Steven 21). As indicated in the first paragraph, fuels can be classified into renewable and non-renewable, fossil fuels fall under the category of non-renewable sources of fuels. There is a clear distinction between the sources of energy that one is able to identify and classify them owing to the nature of their formation. Different types of fuel that fall under either fossil or renewable, and each has its own distinct characteristics setting it apart from the other. Fossil fuels are those that emanate from changes in the atmosphere from the carboniferous era, they consist of Coal, Petroleum, and Natural gas, fossil fuels are made from the process of anaerobic decomposition of the organism that were buried long time. The dead buried organism will have to be subjected to intense heat and pressure which then results into the formation of the fossils fuels. It has to noted that for the organisms to turn into fossils fuels, the take millions of years underground, for instance, there are those that takes up to about 650 million years for the organisms to give fossil fuels. One of the characteristics of the fossil fuels that is notable is high percentage of carbon content, though the percentage of the carbon in the fuels to differ from one compound to the next. There content of carbon is the facilitating factor for the environmental pollution; on the other hand, renewable energy is that which originates from materials that receive continued replenishment from nature and include sunlight, tides among others. The fact that, renewable source of energy are spread in almost all the geographical regions makes it suitable for the production of sufficient energy to drive the economy unlike that of fossil fuel s that is only skewed to selected geographical areas. This make renewable source of energy to be a better alternative of reducing cost of the fuels, controlling pollution, and providing enough energy that can sustain the high demand that is in the offing. Given the nature of the renewable sources of energy, there is only modification and development of the sites for them to be harnessed, for example, in a river with a waterfall, the only development expected for the energy to be harnessed is fixation of the turbines and construction of the hydropower station. Advantages of the Fossil Fuel Fossil fuels that include coal, petroleum, and natural gas presents a plethora of

Ernest Hemingway Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ernest Hemingway - Research Paper Example Ernest Hemingway lived a colorful and heroic life, and the reflection of the incidents he encountered, some of them near death situations, the two World Wars and the holocaust make his literature the storehouse of rich experiences. His writing style is unhurried and unique. Ernest Hemingway: Biography Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois and he is the second child of his parents Grace Hall and Clarence Edmonds Hemingway. His father was a medial practitioner and his mother was a teacher of music. They took interest in serving the Church and did their duties there. Hemingway’s latent literary genius was showing as a student, but his teacher had problems with his handwriting. After graduation, he shifted to Kansas City and joined as a cub reporter for the Star Newspaper. The ongoing World War excited him and he joined Red Cross as an ambulance driver. He was injured in the war and during the course of his recuperation, he met Agnes von Kurowsky. Ernest took the relationship seriously but Agnes treated him as a kid. The result of his war-related experiences was the book â€Å"A Farewell to Arms†. He returned to America to be honored as a war hero. With the termination of relationship with Agnes, Hemingway was heart-broken. In Chicago, when on freelance assignments, he met Hadley Richardson and they got married in 1921. Both of them moved to Paris, on the advice of a friend, to live in association with other writers. That move brought Hemingway to the limelight in the world of literature. Ernest Hemingway was on the move on the literary canvas. In Paris he did some writing for the Toronto Star newspaper. In 1923, His work â€Å"Three Stories and Ten Poems† was published I n Paris. His first child was born, a son who was affectionately called â€Å"Bumby†. â€Å"The Sun Also Rises,† a novel published in 1926 brought him to the international circuit in literature. Soon the marriage with Hadley ended , but Hemingway remarried Pauline Pfeiffer and they moved to Key West, Florida. His father committed suicide while he was completing â€Å"A Farewell to Arms† and his writing was interrupted. By then Hemingway had taken to heavy drinking. They had two sons during the period 1928 to 1931. He had a disciplined approach to hid work, notwithstanding his drinking habit. Further books followed like, â€Å"Death In the Afternoon†, â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro†, and â€Å"The Green Hills of Africa.† The marriage again was on the rocks and he went to Spain accompanied by his new love Martha Gellhorn. In 1940, he was celebrating the publication of â€Å"For Whom the Bell Tolls† and in the same year he divorced Pauline. They jointly bought a house in Cuba and World War II broke out and Hemingway went to Europe to cover the war. Martha was already there to work. Their relationship however ended in 1945. He was in love again and he married Mary Welsh in the y ear 1946.They returned to Cuba and Hemingway was on his writing assignments again. Soon his great novel, â€Å"The Old Man and The Sea† was published and that fetched to him the Pulitzer Prize. In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize for literature. He met with an accident; as such he was unable to remain present in the Nobel Award presentation ceremony. The next phase in his life was full of tragedies. Ernest and Mary were enjoying a safari in Africa, and they were involved in a plane crash. The injuries were minor and the rescue plane

Communications plan Of kelloggs Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Communications plan Of kelloggs Company - Essay Example Enactment of new tariffs or changes by the same also affects the company performance and its general financial position. Changes in the existing taxes also affect Kellogg's operations since; there will be an increase in the expenses of the company (Boehlje, Krause & United States, 2001, 13). This poses a challenge for the Company because it has to find ways of increasing its revenues in order to cover up the expenses. In addition, political unrests and terrorist attacks in the Unites States also affect the flow of work in the company. For instance, terrorist attacks will normally lead to massive losses due to fall in the demand of foodstuffs. However, it is not all times that the political environment will create challenges for the company. At times it also creates opportunities for the company. For instance, when the government creates trading opportunities in the economy, or creates new investments in the country. The country is able to increase its revenue by taking advantage of s uch investments (Boyce,  2002, 32). The economic environment of the company also has a great impact on the company’s operations. Economic downturns affect the consumer demand of the products being offered by the company (Kellogg’s, 2008, 9). This is because; consumers will only be attracted to buy products which are lowly or averagely priced, but not highly priced. Therefore, economic problems such as inflation or increase in prices also affects the company’s financial statements due increase in the expenses. For instance, increase in the prices of raw materials, fuel and labor costs, increases the production costs of the company. Kellogg’s company mostly uses agricultural products such as wheat, corn and sugar. Therefore, any slight price increases in the agricultural market pose a challenge to its operations. In addition, shortages in labor, and the general inflationary pressures in the economy increase the labor costs of the company. Social/cultural effects mainly involve effects arising from the reaction of the customers. Kellogg’s Company produces products which directly affect customers since; the products involve direct consumption by the public (Kellogg's, 2008, 8). Therefore, the company has the duty to produce high quality products which will not have adverse effects on the customers’ health. Therefore, the company has to check on the safety and quality of its products. The ingredients used in the food products also have to vary depending on the culture of the target group. This is due to the fact that; different cultures consume different foods and despise different foods too (Peterson,  2004, 15). Competition is also a factor that greatly affects the operations of Kellogg’s Company because; the company operates in a highly competitive industry, the food industry (Kellogg's, 2008, 7). There are many other businesses that are engaged in the supply of fast foods and ready-to-eat cereals. Most of the se businesses also have strong financial positions and thus they are highly competitive. Therefore, Kellogg’s also has to improve its operations in order to match up the challenge posed by its competitors (West,  2001, 41). Technology is also a factor that affects the company immensely. This is because; technological failures would disrupt its operations since; the company greatly relies on information technology to store and transfer data. For instance, its inventory management system is electronic and thus, it highly

The topic should be in the area of Applications of IT in general and Essay

The topic should be in the area of Applications of IT in general and software in particular - Essay Example the customers and stakeholders are coming in close connection and linkage with each other and there is more room for getting in touch with one another, thus enhancing the chances of working in unison and earning multiple times over and over. However the drawbacks are also apparent in such an undertaking but from a global perspective these seem to take a back seat when there is a comparison of the benefits with the disadvantages, the former ruling roost over the latter in this case. For the understanding related with the discussion at hand, the focus will be on making a clear cut basis for the role of globalization in the finance industry and the manner in which IT has played a key role at speeding up things when it comes to working within the global domains. Globalization in the coming times will leave a lasting impression in the different spheres of life than is present at the moment. In an economic zone, globalization plays a significant role at increasing trade on an international front which as compared to the global economy, is much faster and ahead of its time. Furthermore, we can predict an increase in the flow of capital that has been coming from the global regimes which might include for the foreign direct investment as being one part of it. Then there are the agreements which are signed on a global scale that eventually lead to world bodies like the World Trade Organization (WTO) and others. Global financial systems also come to light as their developmental work gets thumbs up. International transactions speed up as the world bodies like WTO, WIPO, IMF and the like play their role in a more coherent and active manner. Economic practices like global sourcing or outsourcing as we know of it, off-shoring and others increase court esy the multinational concerns. (Berberoglu, 2005) Since this discussion is also on understanding what the future holds for the globalization regimes in terms of the Information Technology’s undertakings, there is a need to

Supplied case study examining understanding of key positive Essay

Supplied case study examining understanding of key positive psychological concepts in a service organisation - Essay Example the patients, especially in the field of mental health wherein â€Å"mental health services rely on human resources (staff) to a much greater degree than other medical and health disciplines (Thornicroft & Tansella, 1999 cited in World Health Organization (WHO), 2003). Since the mental health services are primarily delivered by the direct care providers (physicians, psychiatrists, nurses, aides, and alike), it is essential for them to not only have the competence but also be in their optimum health and well being to be efficient in providing positive services for better patient care and thus, greater productivity outcomes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In connection, this paper will emphasize the practices and services that will offer the organizational staff of Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Services ways to reach optimal health and well being that will show their improved competency needed in the delivery of better mental health services. Specifically, it is deemed significant to examine the benefits of positive psychological approaches in comparison to the current service-delivery trends of the hospital, as well as to identify the activities required to acquire these approaches, and to recognize the three key positive psychological concepts (among others) which must be utilized by the staff to reach the goals set by the organization of Ontario Shores.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Science or simply known as Ontario Shores is a public mental health institution formerly called as Whitby Mental Health Centre. Located at 700 Gordon Street, Whitby, Ontario, Canada, the hospital functions under the Public Hospital Act, the Mental Health Act, and other provincial and federal legislative enactments and offers a 329-bed capacity for its inpatient program along with its out-patient care services. The organization staff of the Ontario Shores is made up of 1, 100 employees oriented and mobilized at providing â€Å"leadership and exemplary mental health care

The Rise of the Soloist documentary from MyMusicLab Term Paper

The Rise of the Soloist documentary from MyMusicLab - Term Paper Example Rarely in popular music does one see a group performing without highlighting the work of one performer. Most often, the vocalist drives the music, expressing himself through the lyrics and the sound. As well, one can see the break away of the drum, guitar, or bass soloist as they create an interlude between the verses. If one thinks about it, most music is now created from the advent of this rise in popularity of solo performers. The many pieces from the period reflect this shift, but the way in which most music is created in modern popularity has the soloist focus so that the emotional content is given to the audience through focus on one person. The instrumental background becomes secondary to the focus that the audience puts on the work of the soloist. After all, when Elvis hit the stage, who was cheering for the band? In many ways, this shift in focus could signify the single most significant change that influenced modern music. Creating expressive music through the use of the point of view of one individual is the core of the modern sound. While a soloist was not new, the idea of a freely emotional expression from a single person did seem to form during this time. Period. The use of the voice, or any other instrument, as a focal point that set the tone, mood, and tempo, slowing and speeding up as his or her interpretation allowed has allowed the audience to go on the journey that the soloist creates. This journey is a far more personal event with the freedoms that were discovered in the Baroque

Business Proposal-ECONOMICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Proposal-ECONOMICS - Essay Example As there are high number of sellers and producers our product will have an edge over the other products as we have the latest technology for the making of leather shoes. Technology has helped us lower the cost by reducing labor cost. As it is homogenous product, it will be sold at a price determined by the market but our quality at that price will be the best as compared to our competitors (Boyes, 2013). The selected product is elastic as change in the price of the product will also change the demand of the product. An increase in price can cause a fall in the demand of the product and by such market response we know that the market is competitive and there can be a difficulty in making more profit. As there is a difficulty in increasing profit, we will introduce our product at a lower cost while maintaining a high quality in the market (McEacher, 2013). The price of my product with the provided quality will be low as compared in the competitive market, so if there will be an overall increase in the prices of shoes it will not affect the demand of my product as compared to those of my competitors in the market and the demand of my product will be less elastic. If the price of overall footwear decreases, the demand of our product will be elastic as we will also lower our prices because our variable cost is low due to less labor cost. Pricing will have an impact on our business because if the price of footwear falls we will earn less profit than we are earning at the current market price. The theories of economics explain that a firm should keep on producing a product until its marginal cost becomes equal to its marginal revenue because it is the point where the profit is maximized. Quantity supplied will keep on increasing until we are earning the more revenue than cost from an additional unit. As discussed above our prices will be low in the market therefore we can produce more to earn more revenue

Role of Students Essay Example for Free

Role of Students Essay Students constitute a vast segment of India’s population. They are young and dynamic. They can play a major role in various developmental activities going on in the country. This can come about only if their energies are channelised properly. During the freedom movement, Mahatma Gandhi, Pt. Jawahar Lai Nehru and other political leaders gave a lead to the students. The result was that students joined the struggle for Independence in large numbers. India became Independent on 15th August, 1947. It seems that after India achieved Independence, students were left with no worth-while aim. Students have been indulging in acts of indiscipline and rowdyism in different universities, colleges and schools. This shows that the student-power is being misused for destructive purposes. In fact, students lack proper guidance and good leadership. There is no one to tell them how they should use their energies for constructive purposes. Students played a crucial role during the pre-Independence era under the able leadership of leaders and there is no reason why they cannot play the same role in the post-Independence era for the betterment of the country and its people Every university, college and school is in the grip of student indiscipline. Students hold rallies, stage demonstrations, conduct agitations and resort to strikes to press their various demands. They do not respect even their own teachers. They disobey the orders of college authorities. They go to the extent of taking the law into their own hands. They do not spare even the police. All this adversely affects their studies. But no one cares for their future. For this state of affairs, we cannot blame the students alone. Often, it is the political leaders of our country who incite the students against the authorities. They exploit student-power for their own political ends. They do not realise that they are playing with the lives and careers of the students. In fact, students possess great power. Because of the lack of able leadership, they do not know how to use this power in the best interests of the country. If there is a constrictive and healthy leadership, students’ power can be utilized for bringing about social, economic and political reforms in the country. If the students respond to their duty towards their country, there is no doubt that they will become worthy citizens of a worthy country. There are a number of ways in which students can serve their country. First, students should inculcate in them the spirit of discipline. No nation can progress without discipline. If countries like U. S. A. , U. K. , Germany, France and Japan have become advanced countries, it is all due to the discipline of their people. The Indian society suffers from a number of social evils. The worst is the evil of dowry. Dowry deaths are taking place almost every day in all major cities of the country. No doubt the Government has passed a law by virtue of which giving or accepting a dowry has become an offence. But law alone is not enough. Students can help to root out this evil by taking a pledge that they will not demand or accept any dowry at the time of their marriages. The students can also help in the removal of other social evils like child marriage, casteism, untouchability, drinking, gambling, etc. Another important role for the students can be to work for National Integration. They should fight evils like communalism, casteism, linguism, regionalism, etc. They should think of themselves as Indians first and Indians last. Sometimes natural calamities like earthquake, flood, drought, etc. afflict one part or the other of our country resulting in heavy loss of life and property. Students can provide relief to the stricken people by raising funds for them and organising relief works. Students can use their vast knowledge by providing education to the illiterate. The students of today are the citizens of tomorrow. Thus the India of tomorrow belongs to the students. By performing a positive and a constructive role, students can make India strong and prosperous.

Cockroaches and Hemolymph Concentration in the Body Essay Example for Free

Cockroaches and Hemolymph Concentration in the Body Essay This lab was conducted to determine the concentration of hemolymph in the body of a cockroach. It was done by making serial dilutions to make a standard graph by injecting a dye into a cockroach and determining the concentration at different times with the use of a spectrophotometer to find the optical density which is measured in absorbance. Results showed that the concentration was not within the pre-experiment research range. Introduction: Cockroaches as well as all other insects have an open circulatory system. Unlike humans who have a closed circulatory system with arteries and veins, insects do not have any arteries or veins. They have a body of internal fluids and they use diffusion to transfer nutrients and oxygen across their bodies. This process of diffusion is only made possible because of their small bodies. In practical terms, cockroaches are cheaper than vertebrates, and since they are neither furry nor cuddly their use does not anger the animal-rights enthusiasts. In terms of economics and public health, we need to know everything we can about insects because of their enormous impact on humans as crop pests, carriers of disease, pollinators, etc. But they also have a fascination in their own right. For instance, they represent the only other major group of animals that, with the higher vertebrates, have successfully conquered the terrestrial habitat. Insects and mammals have a vastly different evolutionary heritage: evolution has had to work with very different basic body plans to produce two highly successful terrestrial organism (Smith 119-139). Insects regulate their hemolymph volume by a variety of mechanisms including hormonal and metabolic factors. In an aquatic environment, insects must continuously excrete water to compensate for water uptake, whereas in a hot, dry terrestrial environment the insect must conserve water – in both these instances, the volume of the hemolymph is regulated to prevent excessive water gain or loss. In any given insect species, the volume of the hemolymph at any particular time during the life cycle will tend to be fairly constant. However, stressing the insect, for example by exposure to very high temperatures or by starvation, will result in changes in the hemolymph volume. The Internal fluid in the insect’s body is termed Hemolymph it contains both blood and other fluids. The hemolymph is used to transfer nutrients, ions, and waste to different organs in the body. It also is used to defend against microorganisms that might attack the insect’s body. The Hemocoel houses the hemolymph where all the organs are located. My hypothesis was that the hemolymph in the insect’s body was about 20-40% of the body mass. Materials and Methods: In order to find the cockroachs hemolymph volume, a small quantity of concentrated dye was injected which helped one to find how much the dye was diluted. A spectrophotometer was used to find the dye concentration needed in the cockroach. A spectrophotometer worked because dyes and other chemicals absorb light of characteristic wavelengths, and the amount of absorption depended on the concentration of the chemical. Knowing the original concentration and the final concentration it was to calculate what volume (the hemolymph volume) would have been necessary to dilute the dye that much. A range of volumes was chosen extending from below to above the probable values for hemolymph volume; you can produce a standard curve for optical density of solution on which you can read hemolymph volume directly. One advantage of this was that any errors in the procedure with the cockroach were likely to be similar to those for determining the standard curve, and they therefore canceled each other out. We started off by making serial solutions to make a standard curve for dye concentrations. We put 100, 200, 300 and 400 ul of a Ringer solution mixed with 10 ul of dye. We then put 5 ul of the first tubes into tubes that had 2500 ul of Ringer solution using a pippete. We then measured the optical density (Absorbance) of our serial dilutions with a spectrophotometer at 522 nm. Then we graphed the data, we made it linear by doing 1/OD to get an equation for the line. The next thing we did is we anesthetized our cockroaches with CO2 and we weighed our cockroaches. We then injected 10 ul of dye into the abdomen of the insect. We waited until the dye was mixed in the hemolymph evenly then we took samples at different points in time at 5, 15 and 20 min in time. We injected next to the armpit of the leg and used cold capillaries to obtain our samples. We then used the spectrophotometer to measure the OD of the samples mixed with 2500 ul of ringer solution at the different time periods. We then plotted the data and obtained the  equation. Then we plugged the reciprocal of y intercept to the equation and found the x value which equals the volume. This is a graph illustration of time(seconds) Versus optical density Discussion: After the lab was done, my original hypothesis was rejected. I predicted that the cockroach would have 20-40% hemolymph concentration. This turned out to be incorrect. Our cockroach had a percentage of approximately 15%. The result is not far from the 20% range I predicted nevertheless, not specifically accurate at all. According to my prior research, an average hemolypmh is around 25 percent and makes up about 20% of the body weigh of the cockroach. According to this research, my hypothesis was correct about the concentration of hemolyph (Czpla 171-181) There is always some variation within experiments so; something that was done during the experiment possibly could have gone wrong. The variation could have been due to the lack of following the specific time or variables. It was most likely due to a human error, which my group possible overlooked. There could have been mishandling of the specialized equipment such as the pipette or the spectrometer. It is really easy to mishandle the pipet and can result in the wrong amounts of water used for the experiment. This could affect the optical density and result in excess data. Some of the equipment was old and not always properly and fully functional. In a good preparation, the three data points for optical density (OD) will lie approximately on an exponentially declining curve (dye excretion rate may be a function of dye concentration). The extrapolation back to zero time should therefore follow this curve. Often, however, the first point will be noticeably high or low compared to the trend of the later points. This is probably due to poor mixing, either because of poor circulation, or poor injection where the dye sometimes appears to be trapped close to the point of injection. In this case, the best that can be done is to extrapolate from the later points, which, since there are only two points, will have to be a linear extrapolation. My results were in an exponentially declining curve so,I can not relate any error due to the mixing. A factor, which should be discussed because it could’ve provided some potential errors, is the removal of hemolymph from the cockroach during the 30-minute sampling period. This could have reduced the hemolymph volume. The error becomes progressively larger as the 5  µl samples are removed. If mixing is incomplete, the OD may apparently increase. Another possible source of error is the distribution of the dye, that is, how long does it take for the dye to be distributed uniformly throughout the hemolymph? This could have been a potential error, it is something I remember happening during the experiment though I did not realize the implications of it at the time. As time goes by, the Optical Density in the samples taken goes down in value. That shows that the dye within the body of the cockroach is getting transferred outside of the body of the insect. The Hemolymph concentration in this cockroach is . 2/1. 3= 15% that is not within the range of the concentration that should be which is within the range of 20-40%. There might have been an error in the spectrophotometer or maybe the dye didn’t spread well enough within the body, which would ruin our results. The sex of the cockroach might also play a role on the concentration of Hemolymph. For the future, if I were to carry out the same experiment I would stick to my prediction but would be more careful in carrying out the experiment. I would make sure I carried out the experiment exactly right.

Cartoon Entertainment Is Not Only For Kid Media Essay

Cartoon Entertainment Is Not Only For Kid Media Essay Nowadays, there are many entertaining programs developed for kid, these programs are more and more plentiful and they increase incessantly. One of the most popular programs is cartoon. Now, cartoon is not only for kid, it is also an entertaining program for adults. How long do you/ your kids use for watching cartoon? Which are age groups who usually watch cartoon? What is the purpose of their watching cartoon? These researches, which give some detail summarizing the whole report, may help anyone who wants to understand more clearly and care about Cartoon. Introduction Cartoon or animated movie is a form which uses optical illusion and movements of consecutive performing of many still images. The first cartoon in the world was Fantasmagorie which was made by a France artist, Emile Cohl in 1908. Produced in over 100 years ago, this film had no sound and was called silent film. With white stroke on a black board in class table the film about the adventure of the cartoon character called Stick figure. All are represented by dots and simple strokes. Traditional animated cartoon, developed in early 1900s, was practiced by Ubbe Ert Iwwerks, Walt Disney and others. They had used 24 different pictures for each second of their animated movie. The first complete cartoon was produced in 1991. However, cartoon was not recognized by worldwide audience until 1914 via category animation film Gertie the Dinosaur by producer John Bray. Early 30s of twentieth century, manufactures began to enhance color elements and sound in animation. The most representative works are maximum use of such elements as Snow white and the Seven Dwarfs (1973), this is the long animated the first episode in the history of the genre. Frequently, people think cartoons are made by many simple drawing and just put them on order. In most peoples opinion, cartoons are several pictures describing consecutive actions. In fact, the second thought is true. However, nowadays, in order to bring out a perfect product; producers have to make a lot of specific things. Base on http://www.hdvietnam.com/diendan/37-che-tac-phim-hd/66866-quy-trinh-lam-phim-hoat-hinh.html (user Chip, 2008), we have a brief proceed about how to make a short cartoon movie. A cartoon movie, even just 30 or 80 minutes also needs a number of producers and amount of time to make it completely. Everything starts from the idea, as soon as the script has been done; a group of artists begin to develop many storyboards which include brief conversations and the sound in the movie. After director checks the storyboard out, they move on to sound recording. Many people whose voice suit with characters in the movie will be invited to dub. The sound will be dealt with and provided on the number of frame on the movie and written called paper the dope sheet. Next to this step, the layout will be drawn first; artist just only use the pencil for perspective, arrangement and movements of characters. Then, they add more colors and theme on movie and move it to computer in order to join the sc enes with the sounds. Finally, they check it out again to fix the problems and public. The cartoon making takes a lot of time. It usually takes them, on average, 6 to 12 months or maybe more just only to make a half hour cartoon. It is truly a difficult job. Furthermore, on the link http://vnexpress.net/gl/doi-song/chia-se/2009/10/3ba14231/, base on doctor Phà ¡Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¡m Ngà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ c Thanh in Kids Hospital, watching cartoon had many bad effects on children. According to her, even in cartoon, children are affected by violence across the screen kicking, killing each other with frequency of about 20 times an hour. Children, who watch violence images on television many hours a week there, will have many violence actions as hitting, punching, biting his parents, sibling and friends. For advertising of food and alcohol, the young tend to think the food in advertisements is good for health and not interested in the importance of vegetable in their diet. In addition, kids who watch more cartoon are less physically active, easy weight gain, which leading to obesity while in young ages, children need to play creatively to social development. Finally, cartoon or television also influences childrens eyesight if they focus on looking at the scree n for prolonged periods. Method I. Participants: The researcher chose 100 people from many areas in Hanoi who have different jobs and ages. The participants in this study are: 20 students are working in Banking Academy, Hanoi, Vietnam. 30 kids from Katies living place. (Mage = 15.6 years, age range: 8 18 years) 20 younger parents who have kids (Mage = 27.3 years, age range: 23 35 years) 30 adults live around Hoan Kiem Lake (Mage = 36,3 from 19 45 years) In those participants, researcher chose 3 people to ask them a lot of special question. All of them have kid on school-age: Nguyà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¦n Ngà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ c Hoa, 29 years old, lives in Hanoi and she is a business woman. She has two children, one kid is 7 years old and the other one is 10 years old. Nguyà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¦n Phà ºc Là ¢m, 32 years old, lives in Hanoi and works as a director in a Japan Company. He has a son whom is 9 years old. Là ² A Pà ¡o, 27 years old and lives in Hanoi. He works as sale manager on a company. He has a son on school age. I choose participants of different age living in different area to be objective and results of comprehensive. I focus on those who are kids by age group most influenced by this art. As young adults age is less influenced. II. Procedure First, the researcher collected the information from some source such as: newspaper, books, Internet and so on. Then, basing on it, the researcher made some relevant questions for adults and people who care about Cartoon. Thirdly, the researcher met them in persons and interviewed to get more information. With the adults, the researcher asked them filling questionnaire or ask and the researcher filled the question list for children. After that, some quotation were cited, analyzed and compared. Finally, the researcher showed the conclusion from studies. Results Previously, there are many reports have mentioned and researches about the using of people about media, including cartoon, and its affect to the peoples life. Figure 1: Media Multitasking Among 5- to 8- Year-Olds (%) I have found a study which research about children in America with multimedia and built it up to a bar chart. Base on the above chart, we can easily see that there is up to 23 percent kids of age from 5 to 8 years old use media several hours per day. Besides that, the study also point out 16 percent of 0- to 8- year-old use more than one media most or some of the time; among 5- to 8-year-old, 23 percent do. In addition, among the 79 percent of 5- to 8-year-olds who have homework, 21 percent usually or sometime have the TV on while they do it Stevie Hossler  (August, 2011) said that typically, children begin watching cartoon on television at an early age of six month, and by age two or three, children become enthusiastic audience. This has become a problem because there are too many children are watching TV too much and these programs (even cartoon) become violent and addictive. Children watch cartoon too much on TV are more likely to have mental problems and feelings, along with brain and eyes injuries and unexpectedly the risk of a physical problem increase. Furthermore, because of seeing violent on TV, children become less sensitive to hurting and affliction of others, they are not afraid of violent and easily become aggressive or use harmful action towards other people. Besides above results that I found in references, I also had a survey with 100 people have different ages (from 6 to over 45 years old and come from many different areas around Hanoi) on the question: Do you watch cartoon movie? and if yes: How old are you?. Then, I build on one pie chart that shows us Which are age groups who usually watch cartoon? Figure 2: Which are age groups who usually watch cartoon? ( % ) Nowadays, cartoon movies are very popular and improve very quickly. Variety of cartoon movies were built for every age. From this chart we can see easily that at the period of age from 28 35, the percentage of people watch cartoon is 6 percent, makes up the smallest part of the pie chart. In that period of age, people usually too busy with their job and have no time to watching television, relaxing, even playing with their kids. A few of them spend the weekend to do those things, however it is just a short time. While, children on school age are the ones who watch cartoon the most. On the research, all kids watch cartoon every days; they watch it at home, at school and spend at least 3 hours per day for looking at television screen. It is really a huge number. Moreover, we had a survey of a number of people who watch cartoon to find answers of the question: What kind of cartoon movie do you watch? Figure 3: What kind of cartoon movie do you watch? The chart above shows us that violent cartoon is the kind that be watched the most at the age of 19 to 27, it is 5 percent. Besides that, the proportion of watching funny or education cartoon is a significant little than the violent one. The highest percentage of watching funny movie is just only 40 percent at the age of 28 to 35 years old. It the working-age and they use main animated movie for relaxing and entertaining. Whereas, the number of kids within the age of 6 to 10 years old watching funny movie is very low; there is just 20 percent of them watch this kind of cartoon and as half as this proportion on violent film. Most children will watch a movie comes across on television which tells stories about fighting between superman and monster or human and aliens. These cartoons will attract the kid by many attractive pictures and dynamic techniques. However, there are many violent fighting scene can effect directly on child brain. Discussion When I did the research about cartoon with many people, there are two opposite opinions. Nobody can deny that cartoons have many surface advantages. First, watching cartoon movie is a useful entertainment activity for children and adults. A child can lie down quietly on sofa and just watch his favorite cartoon, instead of running around or screaming when his parents are working so they can play with their kid. Moreover, cartoons also have important effect on adults, especially the couples whose young children. After several busy working hours, parents can sit next to their kids and watch cartoon together. Thank to this film, they can relax completely and have a chance to stay their children nearer. These things are better than plunging into job immediately after arriving home and do not spend any time talking to the children. Nguyà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¦n Ngà ¡Ã‚ »Ã‚ c Hoa (29 years old, Hanoi) said that: When my daughter was younger than she is now, after working time, I arrived home and just focused on housework such as cleaning, washing, cooking and so on. Because of my job, I did not have enough time to play with my child and usually took her play by herself or with her friends next door. Recently, I realize that when I watching cartoons with my daughter, the conversation between me and my kid become closer than ever. Now, I understand my honey more clearly, know what she wants, what she thinks, and how she grows day by day. As a mother, I really feel very happy and so glad to understand her. J.Wolffe, an animation researcher wrote in an article on April, 23, 2012 that the animation is where kids learn how the hero is really, when she was a child, she could learn to pronounce quickly difficult words which make people confusing when listen to them. Smart will help you get almost everything and there is always anybody is more intelligent than you, animation teaches all that. Why? Because, via animation kids can learn and understand quickly when they are entertaining, which is one of the reason why children have difficulty learning from teachers, the pressure makes them liable to remember vocabulary as fast as sing a song in animation. At home, I always buy CD or open a cartoon channel to watch many funny movies with my son. In the past, my brood was very active; he always run around house, from a room to another room and never sits quietly on a place within thirty minutes. However, since he has watched cartoon, he can sit on chair with concentration to television without saying any word. Furthermore, he also often draws the characters on cartoon scene, training every day and improves it day by day. I am so proud of my little boy said Nguyà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬ ¦n Phà ºc Là ¢m (32 years old, Hanoi). Not only does cartoon bring happy time for parents with their children, but it also is a special teacher for kids, who is closest and most friendly with younger generation. Nowadays, there are many cartoon series which including educative programs. It teaches children arithmetic, drawing by using beautiful and attractive shape and funny situation. Besides that, via a lot of movies, kids can learn about some knowledge around them, improving their grasp and learning. Some programs teach 7- and 8- years old a little of a foreign language, such as English an international language. Learning English from young is an important step for language ability for children in the future. In addition, animated films have a lot of funny and eye-catching picture which attract the kids so these points will help develop and enrich the childrens imagination. A vast number of people think that watching cartoon is totally good and it does not have any bad influence on children and adults. In fact that opinion is not absolute true. Cartoon is a kind of movie which causes addiction easily. More and more kids have trend toward sitting on room and they prefer watching cartoon to going out and playing with other kids, doing exercise or other activities. Sitting and watching animated movies several hours like that can make the kids sink into the world of many imaginary characters, they can use that time to do more useful work, instead of wasting it only on watching cartoon. Cartoon is just a program used to relax and improve kids brain; it cannot replace healthy activities which will train childrens body. Moreover, base on an unpublished study perform by Mary Fenway, watching cartoon on several hours cause autism for 46% of children who usually do this work and they will find difficult on opening relationship. This is really an unexpected disadvantage of watching cartoon, which nobody is looking forward to. Besides that, nowadays, appeared many animated companies just care about their profit and are insensitive to their products affection for younger generation. Là ² A Pà ¡o (27 years old, Hanoi) said that: I usually let my son watching cartoon himself because he is very interested in this funny programs. However, recently, I feel that my son got mad more often than he had been, lazy to eat and sometime he beat his classmate in kindergarten. A few day later, I found that a cartoon channel that my child usually watch for, project an animated movie whose a lot of violent scene. Immediately, I delete that channel because it made much bad influent on my kid. Instead, I let my son watch a lot of educative cartoon and care more about what he watches. In modern life, many parents are busy with their jobs and do not notice what their child watch. Bad animated movies bring a lot of evil effect on young people, teach them things and make them have the wrong view about the lives around. Furthermore, a few animated movies which are made for adults, has unsuitable content with kids and effect on the childrens souls if they watch those movies accidentally.   On the latest study, American of Child Psychiatry and adolescents (AACAP) point out that television does not affect the behavior of children as young an age. From  their research, the AACAP countries, Kids watch shows in which violence is very realistic, frequently repeated or unpunished, are more likely to imitate what they see. They also said that childrens parents need to keep a close eye on what their kids watch, and explain for children that the cartoon character was shot was not hurt, but really would be seriously injuries or die in real life. They should tell their kids that violence is not the best ways to deal with a conflict. In conclusion, because of a lot of cartoons affections on childrens life and character in future, choosing a best cartoon for kids is an important work with who are mothers and fathers. In addition, there is an alarm for the industry for kids; they need block the commercial cartoon, give back the innocent, pure and suitable animated movies for the future generation of the world.

The Ghost of Cloudcroft New Mexico Essay -- Ghost Stories Urban Legend

The Cloudcroft Ghost Cloudcroft, New Mexico, meaning a "clearing in the clouds", is a small mountain town located to the east of Alamogordo, NM ("Cloudcroft"). The town's history is intimately tied to the building of the Alamogordo and Sacramento Mountain Railway that allowed the town to be permanently settled in the late 1800s, and to the logging business that made the town and railroad successful for half a century ("Investigation†¦ Lodge"). As with many frontier towns, Cloudcroft has a number of legends that document the unique and violent events in its history, and also a fair number of ghosts that haunt its historic sites. I was told a story about one of Cloudcroft's more famous ghosts when casually lounging in the undergraduate student physics lounge at the University of Maryland, College Park, with a group of students during a lunch break before class. This occurred during early April, 2005. I inquired whether anyone knew any ghost stories or folklore. A friend of mine volunteered that she knew several ghost stories from her travels. The storyteller was a 23-year-old Caucasian female from an upper-middle class family in Baltimore. She currently lives in Crofton, MD, and is a physics and astronomy major. For a prior internship a few summers earlier, the storyteller had worked at the Apache Point Observatory in Sunspot, NM, studying various solar phenomena. Sunspot is located 17 miles from Cloudcroft. She originally heard her legend from a coworker at the observatory, who took her to visit the place of the haunting. After finishing a story about the ghost of the astronomer Maria Mitchell (who allegedly haunts Nantucket, Massachusetts), the storyteller began the tale of the ghost of The Lodge at Cloudcroft. .. ... Cited "Cloudcroft New Mexico, A Brief History." Cloudcroft Online. Retrieved 5 Apr 2005 http://www.cloudcroft.com/history.htm. "Investigation of the La Fonda Hotel" Southwest Ghost Hunters Association. 31 Oct 1998. Retrieved 5 Apr 2005 http://www.sgha.net/lafonda.html. "Investigation of the Lodge." Southwest Ghost Hunters Association. 07 Aug 2001. Retrieved 5 Apr 2005 http://www.sgha.net/lodge.html. "New Mexico: Ghost Stories and Haunted Places." Haunted New Mexico. Retrieved 5 Apr 2005 http://hauntednewmexico.tripod.com/id1.html. "The Haunted St. James Hotel, Cimarron, NM." Legends of America. Retrieved 5 Apr 2005 http://www.legendsofamerica.com/HC-Cimarron5.html. "The Lodge" Lost Destinations. Retrieved 5 Apr 2005 http://www.lostdestinations.com/thelodge.htm. Wood, Ted. Ghosts of the Southwest. New York, Walker & Company:1997.

The Kathmandu Valley and the Constant Terror of Earthquakes Essay

The Kathmandu Valley and the Constant Terror of Earthquakes One important climatic feature that plagues the South Asian region of the Kathmandu Valley is earthquakes. A few severe earthquakes have taken place in the country's history and caused many deaths and nearly irreparable damage to impoverished Nepal. The residents of the Kathmandu Valley experience small tremors nearly every day, whether they can feel them or not. The world and the nation is waiting for the 'next big one' to terrorize the small country. The Kingdom of Nepal is a landlocked nation that geographically lies between India and China. The narrow country also located at the boundary between the Indian and Tibetan tectonic plates and is thus extremely susceptible to earthquakes.[1] The entire kingdom falls into highly seismic zones, including the mountains. The Himalayan mountain range was even formed by the collision of the Asian and Indian plates that started about 50 million years ago, and ended with the subduction of the Indian plate underneath Tibet.[2] The Universities of Alaska and Colorado, in order to help these poor nations, have made precise measurements in both the Nepal Himalayan range and Tibetan Plateau since March of 1991.[3] The researchers have discovered that the Indian plate moves 53-63 millimeters closer to Asia at the same time as Tibet moves the same direction by 34-39 millimeters each year.[4] Therefore, Nepal is rowed about 19-24 millimeters per year.[5] As these steady movements have continued throughout the years, and slip events have also occurred causing great earthquakes on a north-sloping surface underneath the Himalayan mountains.[6] And as lakes long ago occupied the Kathmandu Valley,... ...ismological Centre. [9] GeoHazards International: A Nonprofit Working Towards Global Earthquake Safety. ÒA Nonprofit Organization Kathmandu Project.Ó http://www.geohaz.org/contents/projects/kathmandu.html. [10] GeoHazards International. [11] GeoHazards International. [12] National Seismological Centre. [13] National Seismological Centre. [14] Shakya, Naresh Man. [15] GeoHazards International. [16] GeoHazards International. [17] Shakya, Naresh Man. [18] Asian Disaster Reduction Center. ÒChapter 3: Nepal.Ó National Society for Earthquake Technology- Nepal (NSET). 2003. [19] Asian Disaster Reduction Center. [20] Asian Disaster Reduction Center. [21] Asian Disaster Reduction Center. [22] Asian Disaster Reduction Center. [23] Asian Disaster Reduction Center. [24] Asian Disaster Reduction Center.

Anti Insanity Defense :: essays papers

Anti Insanity Defense The insanity defense refers to that branch of the concept of insanity which defines the extent to which men accused of crimes may be relieved of criminal responsibility by virtue of mental disease. The terms of such a defense are to be found in the instructions presented by the trial judge to the jury at the close of a case. These instructions can be drawn from any of several rules used in the determination of mental illness. The final determination of mental illness rests solely on the jury who uses information drawn from the testimony of "expert" witnesses, usually professionals in the field of psychology. The net result of such a determination places an individual accordingly, be it placement in a mental facility, incarceration, or outright release. Due to these aforementioned factors, there are several problems raised by the existence of the insanity defense. Problems such as the actual possibility of determining mental illness, justifiable placement of judged "mentally ill" offenders, and the overall usefulness of such a defense. In all, I believe that these problems, as well as others which will be mentioned later, lead us to the conclusion that the insanity defense is useless and should be abolished entirely. Insanity is a legal, not a medical definition. Therefore, mental illness and insanity are not synonymous: only some mental illness constitutes insanity. Insanity, however, includes not only mental illness but also mental deficiencies. Due to this, there are problems in exactly how to apply a medical theory to a legal matter (Herman, 1983;128). The legal concepts of mental illness and insanity raise questions in a conflict between what are termed legalistic criminology and scientific criminology: mens rea, punishment v. treatment, responsibility, and prisons v. hospitals. This debate seesaws to and fro amidst a grey area between law and science. The major difficulty with a theory such as mental illness is that it is just that, a theory. To scientists theories are a way of life, but applied to the concept of law theories become somewhat dangerous. By applying a loose theory such as mental illness to law we are in essence throwing the proverbial "monkey wrench" into the wheels of justice. TESTING FOR INSANITY At the center of the legal use of insanity lies the mens rea. Every crime involves a physical act, or actus reus, and a mental act, or mens rea, the non-physical cause of behavior.

Effect of Technology on Human Social Interaction Essay

Humanity has come far from its primitive beginnings. From sticks and stone wheels to the fantastic technology of today. Each tool made toward the betterment of life more wondrous – and many times more dangerous – than the next. Humans have come from stone tools to hydrogen bombs. Humanity has become so accustomed to – so connected to — technology that it can no longer live without it. If all electricity were to somehow cease to be a thing in the world, society might very well collapse before our eyes. Really, there is no stopping this evolution, whether humanity as a whole see error in technology or not. In â€Å"The Evolution of Technology,† George Basalla asks how the world came to such a point that it could not stop its advancement. I question its exact effects. The advancement of media technologies in the 21st century have greatly impacted society. More specifically, the merging of modern media technology and the various social settings of socie ty has had major influence on social interaction between individuals. The media technologies of today effect social interaction in many different ways. Modern media technologies can encourage the interaction of many groups of people claiming different backgrounds, ethnicities, and generations. It can aid in bridging gaps both generational and cultural. To the contrary however, media technologies in any social setting can – according to the studies in â€Å"The Impact of New Media Technologies on Social Interaction in the Household† – easily result in a growing privatization in areas of life that, in an earlier, less technologically advanced time, would have been shared with friends and family. People are using technology separately rather than in groups. How are 21st century media technologies impacting social interaction among individuals? Do modern media technologies actually bring members of every social group together and increase social interaction amongst one another, or do they more commonly cause social division instead? Media technologies are now much more involved into people’s every day routine s than ever before. Media technologies of today have changed much of life in the last few decades. The mere pace of life has increased to levels that those of earlier decades could only have imagined. Much of the world has come into a time in which most things are instantly achieved (â€Å"Proceedings of the Media Ecology Association: Volume 11†). It is,  in fact, the era of instant gratification, in which much is sacrificed in the search for convenience and efficiency. Many see the ever falling value of face to face social interaction as being directly connected to the spike in modern media technology. Communication through technological media, in particular has advanced by leaps and bounds. With the click of mouse or the touch of a screen people are, in seconds, be put into contact with others that are tens of thousands of miles away. While this marks a definite height of media technology – linking people that would, in another time, not have been so connected, it would seem as though the use of the technology to communicate instantly with typed words on a digital screen has replaced other modes of human interaction. Younger members of generations of the 21st century have chiefly taken to the latest forms of communication: emailing, texting, messaging, et cetera†¦ Physical and interpersonal communication had been the status quo for hundreds of years. A person’s personality and ability to speak, convey his or her ideas with charisma, and articulate well using not just words, but body language and eye contact have long been the defining characteristics of the greatest people of our societies. This is changing. It has become the preferences of the general public to send emails instead of taking the time to write letters, to send texts messages from phones instead of calling from them, and to friending someone on a social network instead of asking to spend time with them. It can be seen that the ever falling value of face to face social interaction and communication as being directly connected to the spike in modern media technology. In another way, technological media used for recreation al purposes has had its various effects on social interaction as well. Gaming for instance, is one entertainment that has for years been met with very mixed opinions and arguments. I will not venture to link the meager social skills to or violent behavior to the playing of video games here. There are many examples of video games bring people closer together. Upon interviewing several people that play video games regularly, I found that many play video games with other people. Many play video games with their friends and family. A percentage of these people even said it was a routine of their family to have â€Å"game night† as a sort of tool to encourage familial bonding in the household. On the other hand, however, there was a significant number of people that I interviewed that played and preferred to play their video  games alone and spent little time with their families or in social settings away from video games. These people spent many hours alone with nothing but a screen, a game controller or mouse (depending on the medium the game was being played on), and sometimes an opponent and fellow gamer several miles or states away. When asked about other activities they took part in during the week or weekends, their responses were meager. Few partook in other activities, social or otherwise. In this way, one can understand video games to be a hindrance to the social interaction of the many individuals that play them. A gamer, distracted by a screen for countless hours a week does not have the time a person unimpeded by such things may have to take part in regular conversation with his or her peers. Television is yet another technological medium that has been argued over in its decades of use. Perhaps the varying viewpoints on the positive and negative aspects of television stem for the many purposes it can and has served. There are many channels on any cable television that are geared toward the moral and academic education of their viewers. There are also many more channels that are meant for the simple enjoyment of their watchers. A number of researchers propose that spending a small amount of time watching the more wholesome programs can, to some degree, strengthen families and friendships (â€Å"Inclusive Leisure Services†). Then, of course, there are many researchers that continually warn against television. Television is among the easiest of society’s media technology; easiest to operate, easiest to access, easiest to become addicted to. It is also possibly the most passive of media technologies today requiring almost no thought to use recreationally. Television, without the motive of the viewer to have conversation with those around, presents little chance for growth of social interaction between individuals. Now, possibly the most controversial, though fastest growing media technology in use: the cellular phone. There has never been any denying the convenience of the device. There have been, however, thousands of complaints and arguments against the cell phone for its ability to capture and hold the attention of its user. The cell phone has recently become all forms of media technology rolled into one: the telephone for calls, the camera for photographs, the music player, the television for vi ewing movies and TV shows, and the internet for all other digital uses, and so the list goes on†¦ The younger generation of today can only just  imagine the world in which most, if not everyone, has a cell phone – which, ironically, was not so many decades ago. The benefits of the modern cell phone to social interaction are obvious. Though more advanced than it was years ago, it still holds to its original purpose. The cell phone still provides the easiest, most convenient way to contact friends and family. In an emergency, it remains to be the best way to call for help. Modernly speaking, one can always send a quick text to ask how a friend is doing. Several million people would not be able to function or go through their daily routine without their cell phone. However, the opposition lives on. Many researchers maintain that the cellular as it is today is one the largest distraction to social interaction rather than the aid that others believe it to be (â€Å"The Impact of New media Technologies on Social Interaction in the Household†). Schools and certain work places have banned them for the fact that the people can’t seem to keep them from interrupting their work and learning. It is possible to now to walk into a room filled with people that in decades earlier would have been filled with individ uals mixing and socializing with each other, but now, could be packed with overzealous texters and social networkers gazing down at small screens in the palms of their hands. This generation has been described as incessantly â€Å"plugged in† – constantly in communication and in touch with technology (â€Å"Plugged In: generation Y Guide to Thriving at Work†). No other device is credited as much for the decline in values for face to face physical interaction than the cellular phone. Nor is any other device so credited for it advantages. It is evident that digital media technologies, such as television, video games, and cell phones have increasingly lead to social isolation and a growing privatization in social settings that would’ve been very different decades ago. It is also true that communication in general has become more impersonal than ever with the advancement of these technologies. Digital technologies are negatively affecting social interaction and communication between individuals. It is right to worry about the drastic changes they present society’s relationships and values. In order for digital technologies t o positively impact social interaction, friends and family have used these devices as a way of communicating and interacting with each another. This has to include using the media technology as a medium to interact, such as, playing a computer game  together or watching television together and discussing it afterwards. It is important for individuals to consume new media technologies together – thus, promoting togetherness – instead of individually. By consuming technology individually, this leads to social isolation. In turn, this results in a drastic decrease of communication and social interaction in all social groups. Though one thing is clear: as the presence of technology in our lives becomes more pervasive, the greater the changes in our interactions will be. Works Cited Basalla, George, The Evolution of Technology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989 Dattilo, John, Inclusive Leisure Services, New York: Venture Publishing, Inc., 2002 Erickson, Tamara, Plugged In: generation Y Guide to Thriving at Work, Cambridge: Harvard Business Review Press, 2008 McGrath, Siobhan, The Impact of New media Technologies on Social Interaction in the Household, Ireland: Nui Maynooth, 2012 Rose, Ellen, Proceedings of the Media Ecology Association: Volume 11, Maine: Media Ecology Association, 2010

National Westminster Bank Essay

Q1. Analyse the customer contact process during the account opening procedure. What aspects of the branch’s operation impact on each stage? From analysing the branch’s operation it is clear to see which parts of the banks operation impacts each stage of the account opening procedure. Firstly the customer arrives into the bank, usually customers go to the cashiers section, they are then referred over to the enquiries counter, where they are greeted by enquiry personnel who find out which of the banks service the customer requires. If the customer wishes to open a new account, a member of the records staff comes to administer the account opening procedure. It is the records staff who deals mostly with new customers. The records staff must to have a good basic knowledge of all the banks operations to be able to advise the new customer which account is best suited for them. They must find out if the customer wishes to invest money or if they wish to avail of the banks credit facilities. The records staff would not have an in depth knowledge of the investments available to new customers so more often than not a member of the investment section is called over to advise the new customer. Read more:  Banker’s Draft Natwest For credit facilities, the new customer is referred to the lending section for processing, as this operation is outside the record section staff jurisdiction. Once they account type has been established, the â€Å"formalities† begin (processing of customer details). Records staff go through forms to ensure that all key information has been gathered. This is probably the longest part of the account opening procedure with the customer as a lot of details need to be processed. Once all the details have been gathered by the records staff, the direct customer contact finishes. Customer details are then passed onto the administrative section and the machine room to finalise the opening of a new account and the paper printing (cheque books, log books, ATM cards etc.) How the different operations interact upon the Records section: Q2. How would you improve the process? Once the bank identified their problems the set out an improvement plan. They key areas identified for improvement were identified: > Signage > Inexperienced Staff > Limited staff for rush hours > Uneven flow of walk-in customers at peak times From a recent survey customers identified the following problems: > Account opening forms were not properly explained > Bank’s standard account pack was not sent out to customers > Some customers waited more than the standard 9 days to receive cheque book and bank card > Customer personal details were recorded incorrectly > Staff seemed uninterested in the customers needs > Customers wouldn’t recommend the bank to others All of the above points were taken into account in the banks improvement plan. Firstly the signage issue was tackled. This issue was clearly a problem when we visited the bank, see fig.1 It was evident from this, that the enquiries desk wasn’t clearly noticeable or signposted. To eliminate the problem of new customers queuing at the cashier’s desk (adding to queue delays in the bank) new signage was positioned around the bank clearly highlighting where the new customers were to go. While it was unfeasible to move staff permanently from section to section, records staff who are generally young and junior members of staff could be temporarily move around each of the banks operations. This would add to their training knowledge and enable them to give more specialised advice to customers. By doing this staff will get to know each others jobs, they will become more confident in their work, giving the sense of importance to the banks operation. This increases staff motivation which reduces boredom as boredom leads to mistakes. To assess the overall performance of staff’s training and progress, the bank could introduce ‘mystery shoppers’, a member of staff from another of the banks branches comes to open an account, goes through the whole procedure and at the end evaluates the staffs performance, identifies areas for improvement etc. As it was, the cashiers would go for their lunch, and it was the job of the records section to cover the cashier positions during lunch. This however was the busiest period for new customers wishing to open accounts. During the lunchtime rush customers could feel they were been rushed, inevitably resulting in mistakes occurring. To deal with this issue, lunch time for the bank staff could be divided up more evenly. Only a set amount of cashiers go for lunch at any one time, these cashiers do not take their lunch until the first group comes back, this way there is always somebody covering the records section to deal with new potential customers if they arrive during the lunch time period. To ensure the records section were not over burdened by new customers during the lunch time period, a system of ‘appointment only’ during the lunch time rush was set up. This way the records section could easily deal with walk-in customers in the mornings and afternoons, and during lunch time they knew how many customers to expect and spend the required time needed with each customer opening an account. This way the customer feels more at ease and the records section staff do not feel under pressure and rushed, reducing the amount of mistakes made. Customers felt that the account opening forms were not properly explained to them. This issue was tackled by more staff training and the ‘mystery shopper’ also helped by giving feedback. This helps the junior staff in training to interpret the forms better and be much more capable of explaining the forms to customers. In terms of the bank’s standard account pack not been sent out to customers, the bank set up a system of having all the leaflets on hand so the member of staff dealing with the new customer could make up a package there and then to suit the customers needs. It was identified that some customers waited more than the standard 9 days to receive their cheque books or ATM cards. This waiting period was improved by a more clear line of communication set up between the records staff, administration staff and the machine room. This was also helped as now there were fewer mistakes and the records staff had more time to process the forms during the day as the ‘by appointment only’ and not having to cover the cashier positions fully during lunch had clearly freed up some extra time for them. To deal with the problem of customers personal details not been recorded properly, the customer was asked to fill in a form which clearly legible showing how to spell their name address etc. Once all the forms had been filled out, it was advised that the supervisor provided an extra check on the forms before they were sent for processing. To assist with the implementation of this system a sort of a Kanban system could be set up, â€Å"In-Kanban†, â€Å"Out-Kanban† this way everything was fully completed before it was sent for processing, and there would be no mix ups, on what was processed and what has to be processed. Also as part of this kanban system to finalise the last step, approval by the manager must be signed on the form. The problem of the customers feeling rushed was solved when the records section were released from other duties such as fully covering the cashiers during lunch. If all of the above points are implemented successfully, the bank will be back on track to a successful and complimentary word of mouth.

Knowledge Is Power Essay

Knowledge is Power, but knowledge does not always come with power. Knowledge is the state of awareness or understanding gained from experience or study learning specific information about something. This means a person has the resourcefulness to obtain and criticize useful and informative information in order to become well informed citizens who can make intelligent decisions based upon their understanding and awareness of everyday situations. Does this make them powerful? Is a question that creeps into ones mind? Well, power is said to be the ability or capacity to act or perform effectively. Without knowledge, how can this ability to perform effectively, be possible? Indeed, it cannot. This proves that knowledge is very much a necessity to gain Power. Education is the key to success is one of the sayings that one hears throughout their college life. It is invariably true that every person who is knowledgeable leads a successful life. Education plays an important role in promoting a nations economic growth, as well. When you look at Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rise to power during the past war era it is easy as well as trivial to attribute it to the abundance of natural resources and surplus number of new inventions. But, really we must consider how those inventions came about and how those natural resources were utilized to a productive end. More importantly than what made America the most powerful country in the world is why it became the most powerful country. It wasn’t luck, or coincidence or the fact that they had abundant resources but because they laid a firm foundation for their people by educating them and making them valuable members of the society who could meet the demands of the competing world. Investment in higher education is worthwhile because how much you spend on it right now definitely will make up for the amount it makes you gain later in life.

Capitalism and Religion in the Works and Lives of Franklin and Equiano Essay

Capitalism and religion are two subjects which appear frequently in both â€Å"The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin† and â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano,† because these were important parts of the lives of these two men. Both men were able to be players in the capitalist market while still following a spiritual doctrine because each man chose which was more important to him-capitalist goals or Christian morals. For each man, the one which was less important submitted to the one which was more valuable to him. Both men take part in capitalism and religion, but Franklin places capitalism first and Equiano places religion first. Each man made life choices according to this hierarchy of importance, sacrificing parts of the less important in order to pursue and excel in the one they held dearer. Franklin, a hard-working and frugal businessman who many have said embodies the capitalist spirit, made his religious choices around his identity as a capitalist, while the extent of Equiano’s participation and success in the capitalist market was determined by his faith. Both spiritual, both capitalist businessmen, Franklin and Equiano brought together these two seemingly opposed components of their lives by blending the two and taking aspects from each to use in their participation in the other, but always letting the one they considered more important to trump the other in situations where a choice between capitalism and religion had to be made. As Benjamin Franklin explained in his autobiography, he â€Å"never doubted†¦the existence of the Deity† (62), and he described several occasions when he asked God for assistance in times of need, so it is clear he was spiritual. Franklin wished to be morally upright, but he disliked organized religion and found that in each religious sect, the religious beliefs he held were â€Å"mix’d with other articles, which, without any tendency to inspire, promote, or conform morality, serv’d principally to divide us† (62). For this reason, Franklin did not attend church regularly or abide by any one religion, although he agreed with bits and pieces of many different faiths. But he considered himself a moral man, and wished to achieve the same thing encouraged in Christian teachings: â€Å"moral perfection† (63). For this reason, Franklin decided to create his own list of virtues to abide by. Rather than abandoning faith altogether because he could not find a church which was in line with his way of thinking, Franklin created his own personal religion-â€Å"The Art of Virtue.† Present in Franklin’s list of 13 virtues are several which are in accordance with Christianity-temperance, sincerity, justice, chastity, humility-but some key elements of the Christian religion have been removed from the doctrine by which he lives his life. Unlike Christianity, Franklin’s commandments make no mention of monetary accumulation. In many religions, it is stipulated that one who is wealthy cannot reach heaven. In the Bible, Jesus tells his disciples that â€Å"it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God† (Matthew 10:24). Because this does not serve Franklin’s interest in capitalist success, Franklin omitted from his virtues any mention of greed or accruement of wealth, instead including virtues which he thought were more important, and which served his capitalist aspirations more suitably. Several of his virtues are also non-Christian but clearly in the spirit of capitalism-resolution, frugality, and industry are not tenets of the Christian religion, but were essential in Franklin’s mind for success in the free market and therefore essential in the dogma he followed. By creating and following his own list of virtues, Franklin was able to pick and choose the best from both Christianity and capitalism. However, Franklin’s religious inclinations were formed by, and altered to fit, his capitalist aspirations, and his virtues were created in order to best serve his goals in the capitalist market. Franklin reconciled capitalism and religion by extracting from Christianity the beliefs which were most conducive towards capitalism, then adding morals of his own which were driven directly towards capitalist success. Therefore, he was able to participate in both, following a self-made religion that served the goals of capitalism. Olaudah Equiano, on the other hand, considered himself a Christian above all other labels. To him, religion was the most important aspect of his life, and he was willing to sacrifice everything else before he would compromise his religious beliefs. Equiano’s first introduction to the capitalist system came when he arrived at the port in Bridge Town, Barbados, and was placed in a yard with other slaves to be sold as a commodity. But Equiano did not participate actively in the capitalist system as a person (rather than an article of trade) until much later, when he bought and sold tumblers and other small objects during his trips at sea to earn enough money to purchase his freedom from his master. If it had not been necessary for Equiano to acquire his freedom, it is possible Equiano would never have entered the business arena. Equiano was not interested in having more money than what was required to survive because being greedy was contrary to his religious beliefs, and from the moment of his conversion to Christianity, Equiano’s faith guided his every decision. Unlike Franklin, Equiano did not cherish the spirit of capitalism. To him, money meant freedom, and later, the choice to go where he wanted and not be tethered to one ship or master, but Equiano did not equate money with happiness and instead looked to religion for solace in an unfamiliar world. Capitalism and Christianity were not at odds for Equiano because he never did anything non-Christian in order to achieve success in the capitalist world. When people owed Equiano money for goods delivered but not paid for, Equiano did not act out in revenge towards his debtors. He did what he could within the bounds of the law, and when that did not amount to anything, Equiano forgave the debts and simply continued on, because of his moral outlook on life. Equiano recounted countless times the cruelties black men, both slaves and free men, endured at the hands of white men, such as â€Å"giving [Equiano] however but very indifferent payment† (95) after taking goods from him. He can do nothing about these injustices, and instead trusts that God will give them their punishment in the afterlife. Too often also, to my knowledge, our clerks, and many others, at the same time have committed acts of violence on the poor, wretched, and helpless females†¦ Is not this one common and crying sin enough to bring down God’s judgment on the islands? He tells us the oppressor and the oppressed are both in his hands; and if these are not the poor, the broken-hearted, the blind, the captive, the bruised, which our Saviour speaks of, who are they? (80) Equiano relies on faith to dole out appropriate rewards and consequences after death and so is able to endure and observe many injustices without acting in anger or violence towards his oppressors. Rather than being a cutthroat businessman, Equiano worked honestly, earning money to live but never valuing material possessions over his religious morality. Equiano was a Christian who happened to be living within a capitalist world, but the most important part of his life, his faith, was never on the line because of capitalism-Christianity always came first. There are only two examples in Equiano’s autobiography of him doing something that goes against his religious beliefs. The first comes in Chapter 5, when Equiano swore that he would spend a day in London â€Å"in rambling and sport† (70). Shortly afterwards, Equiano felt terrible about saying something rashly and without thinking, and he asked God for forgiveness: he â€Å"acknowledged [his] transgression to God, and poured out [his] soul before Him with unfeigned repentance, and with earnest supplications [Equiano] besaught him not to abandon [him] in [his] distress† (70). Equiano immediately attempted to apologize to God for his wrong actions, and felt extremely guilty for having committed what appeared to be a small sin. The second occasion, in chapter 8, is very similar. Equiano cursed, â€Å"Damn the vessel’s bottom out,† (112) but immediately afterwards his conscience â€Å"smote† him for swearing, and he experienced guilt for his seemingly petty misdeed. These two examples show how strictly Equiano followed his religious teachings-he considered the act of swearing to be a large affront to God, and feared for his salvation because of his small sins. To him, straying from Christian morals at any time in any part of his life was unacceptable, and this governed his actions as a player in the capitalist market as well as in every other arena of his life. Equiano’s success as a businessman was not as great as it could have been if Equiano had been a more competitive salesperson and truly valued success in the capitalist market, but he chose to sacrifice this monetary success in order to follow his religious morals more strictly. His priorities determined his actions-as a capitalist Christian, rather than a Christian capitalist, Equiano made choices that put his faith first, and instead of striving for wealth and success, endeavored towards the redemption of his soul and eternal happiness. The actions Equiano took during his life were trivial to him as a devout Christian, because he believed that he would spend the rest of eternity in Heaven as reward for his morality while on earth. For Equiano, capitalism was just a system in the world of man, and money was not worth risking his eternal well-being over. Both Benjamin Franklin and Olaudah Equiano were successful businessmen who lived their lives according to religious principles-Franklin by his made-to-fit capitalist-influenced list of virtues, and Equiano by the teachings of Christianity and the Bible. But Franklin was a bigger financial and public success, because his achievement as a capitalist was most important to him. Franklin laid out a list of virtues for himself in order to pave the way for the most possible financial success and public acclaim-his â€Å"religion† served the spirit of capitalism. Equiano was only a mediocre financial success because he was not oriented towards the accumulation of wealth. Instead, he chose to achieve on the religious front. Equiano’s actions within the capitalist framework were mere details in the larger picture of his life as a good Christian. Both men were passionate-Franklin about capitalism and Equiano about his Christian faith-and both sacrificed other parts of their lives in order to keep intact their number one priority. Franklin was religious in the way that most promoted capitalist success, and Equiano was a capitalist businessperson only in the ways that were aligned with his religious beliefs. They reconciled capitalism and religion by choosing one over the other and allowing the lesser to function on a smaller scale and only within the framework of the more important.